162
16. AVHITEHALL.
6/. 6s. 8d.) as a gift from the Crown in 1552. The square was
planned by Inigo Jones; and vegetables used to be sold here, thus
perpetuating the associations of the ancient garden. In 1831 the
Duke of Bedford erected the present market buildings, which have
recently been much improved. The neighbouring streets, Russell,
Bedford, and Tavistock, commemorate the family names of the
lords of the soil. In the Covent Garden Piazzas, now nearly all
cleared away, the families of Lord Crewe, Bishop Berkeley, Lord
Hollis, Earl of Oxford, Sir Godfrey Kneller, Sir Kenelm Digby,
the Duke of Richmond, and other distinguished persons used to
reside. In this square was the old 'Bedford Coffee-house', fre¬
quented by Garrick, Foote, and Hogarth, where the Beef-Steak
Club was held; and here was the not over savoury 'Old Hummums
Hotel'. Here has long been, and still remains, 'FWans's' (so named
from a former proprietor), a house once the abode of Sir Kenelm
Digby, with a hall noted for its suppers and evening entertainments.
The neighbouring church of St. Paul, a plain building erected
by Inigo Jones at the beginning of the 17th cent., contains nothing
of interest. In the churchyard are buried Samuel Butler (A. 168(1),
the author of 'Hudibras'; Sir Peter Lely (Vandervues, A. 1680),
the painter; W. Wycherley (A. 1715), the dramatist; Grinling
Gibbons ( d. 1721), the carver ; T. A. Arne (A. 1778), the composer;
and John Woleot (Peter Pindar; d. 1819).
Between Covent Garden and the Strand is old Maiden Lane,
where Andrew Marvel, the poet, and Turner, the painter once
resided.
The Garrick Club (PL K9), 13 and 15 Garrick Street, Covent
Garden, founded in 1831, possesses an important and valuable col¬
lection of portraits of celebrated English actors, shown on Wednes¬
days only, to visitors accompanied by a member.
16. Whitehall.
United Service Museum. The Horse Guards. The Government Offices.
The broad street leading from Trafalgar Square, opposite the
National Gallery, to the S., towards AVestminster, is called Whitehall
(PL K10), after the famous royal palace of that name formerly
situated here, of which the banqueting hall only now remains.
At the beginning of the 13th cent., the Chief Justiciary, Hubert
de Burgh, who resided here, presented his house with its contents
to the Dominican monks of Holborn, who afterwards sold it to
Walter Gray, Archbishop of York. Thenceforward it was the Lon¬
don residence of the Archbishops of York, and was long known
as York House or York Palace. On the downfall of AVolsey, Arch¬
bishop of York, and favourite of Henry VIII., York House became
crown property, and received the name of Whitehall: —
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